2018-2019 LAB Organic Water
You have selected
LAB
Organic
To view a different methodology/ contaminant suite:
Please select the year, sampling season, location, and sample type you would like to view.
Atrazine is one of the most commonly used pesticides in the United States for the control of broadleaf and grassy weeds (herbicide).
What happens when Atrazine enters the environment?
Atrazine pollution occurs in surface and ground waters that are exposed to agricultural runoff. Atrazine has been shown to affect growth, behavior, and immune functions in fish and amphibians.
How can Atrazine affect my health?
In humans, atrazine can affect the cardiovascular system and cause reproductive difficulties.
Where can I get more information on Atrazine?
- American Chemical Society. Molecule of the Week Archive: Atrazine. Last updated on May 10, 2010.
www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/a/atrazine.html
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Carbaryl is an insecticide used on a variety of crops (e.g. corn, soybean, cotton, fruit, nut, and vegetable crops) as well as outside of the home in yards and gardens for pests like ants and ticks. It does not persist in the environmental like chlorinated pesticides.
What happens when Carbaryl enters the environment?
It can be broken down by sunlight and bacteria. Carbaryl has a moderate ability to dissolve in water and migrate through soil toward ground water.
How can Carbaryl affect my health?
High-level carbaryl exposure may result in a variety of reversible nervous system effects (headaches, memory loss, muscle weakness and cramps).
Where can I get more information on Carbaryl?
- National Pesticide Information Center. Last updated on March 01, 2016.
npic.orst.edu/ingred/carbaryl.html
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Chlorpyrifos is an insecticide used for agricultural crops (often applied as an oily liquid), on farms to treat animals, and in homes (including pet collars) to control household pests.
What happens when Chlorpyrifos enters the environment?
Chlorpyrifos sticks tightly to soil particles because it does not mix well with water, so it rarely enters local water systems. It can be broken down by sunlight and bacteria.
How can Chlorpyrifos affect my health?
Breathing or ingesting chlorpyrifos may result in a variety of nervous system effects.
Where can I get more information on Chlorpyrifos?
- National Pesticide Information Center. Last updated on October 12, 2012.
npic.orst.edu/ingred/chlorpyrifos.html
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
2,4-D is a chlorinated herbicide that works by changing the development and growth of broadleaf plants. It is used in a wide variety of products in the United States.
What happens when 2,4-D enters the environment?
2,4-D breaks down in soil and is usually degraded below limits of detection in 1-14 days. 2,4-D is broken down by bacteria in water and in soil, and water alone can also break down 2,4-D. Agent Orange, an herbicide formulation used during the Vietnam War, and later on Arizona federal lands, contained both 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. A third chemical ingredient of Agent Orange was dioxin, a highly toxic and unintended by-product from manufacture of 2,4,5-T, that led to the ban of Agent Orange.
How can 2,4-D affect my health?
Pure 2,4-D is low in toxicity if ingested or in contacts with skin. Scientists have not found a clear link between 2,4-D and cancer in humans. 2,4-D affects wildlife in a variety of ways depending on pH, temperature, and exposure route.
Where can I get more information on 2,4-D?
- National Pesticide Information Center. 2,4-D General Fact Sheet. Last updated on March 2009.
npic.orst.edu/factsheets/24Dgen.html
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Nonylphenol is one of several chemicals that occur in the environment mainly from the degradation of industrial emulsifiers and solubilizers. It is also used as a plastic stabilizer.
What happens when Nonylphenol enters the environment?
Bioaccumulation of nonylphenol is significant in water-dwelling organisms and birds, and it is considered non-biodegradable. Nonylphenol can enter the environment in treated wastewater.
How can Nonylphenol affect my health?
The impacts of nonylphenol in the environment include feminization of aquatic organisms, decrease in male fertility and the survival of juveniles. There are known links to human reproductive cancers..
Where can I get more information on Nonylphenol?
- US EPA. Risk Management for Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol Ethoxylates. Last updated on June 6, 2018.
www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/risk-management-nonylphenol-and-nonylphenol-ethoxylates#address
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
What is Pentachlorophenol?
Pentachlorophenol is a pesticide primarily used as a wood preservative (fungicide), often on utility poles (like a telephone poll).
What happens when Pentachlorophenol enters the environment?
PCP is observed in storm water nationally and locally in Pima County monitoring, including washes.
How can Pentachlorophenol affect my health?
Long term exposure to PCP may cause cancer.
Where can I get more information on PCP?
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. ToxFAQsTM for PCP. Last Updated on March 12, 2015.
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=70
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
PFBS is one of many PFAS (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances); man-made chemicals used in industry and consumer products worldwide since the 1950s, e.g. as an industrial surfactant, and in non-stick cookware, water-repellent clothing, stain resistant fabrics and carpets, firefighting foams, and products that resist heat, grease, water, and oil.
What happens when PFBS enters the environment?
PFBS persists indefinitely in the environment. PFBS has been identified in surface water, drinking water, wastewater, dust, carpeting, floor wax, and food packaging. Some pathways for PFBS to enter the environment are known (e.g. firefighting foam, household goods in landfills) but much about the environmental transport of PFBS is unknown.
How can PFBS effect my health
Laboratory animals exposed to high doses of PFBS have exhibited health effects on the thyroid, kidney, and reproductive organs. Health studies on the effect of PFBS in humans are still ongoing but potential effects on the thyroid and kidneys are of concern.
Where can I get more information of PFBS?
- US EPA. Basic Information on PFAS. Last updated on August 20, 2018:
https://www.epa.gov/pfas/basic-information-pfas - US EPA. Draft Toxicity Assessments for GenX Chemicals and PFBS. November 2018:
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-11/documents/factsheet_pfbs-genx-toxicity_values_11.14.2018.pdf
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Perflourononanoic acid (PFNA) is one of many PFAS (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances); man-made chemicals used in industry and consumer products worldwide since the 1950s, e.g. as an industrial surfactant, and in non-stick cookware, water-repellent clothing, stain resistant fabrics and carpets, firefighting foams, and products that resist heat, grease, water, and oil.
What happens when PFNA enters the environment?
PFNA persists indefinitely in the environment. The Center for Disease Control detected PFNA in 98% of participants’ blood at an average level of 0.97 parts per billion (ppb). Some pathways for PFNA to enter the environment are known (e.g. firefighting foam, household goods in landfills) but much about the environmental transport of PFNA is unknown.
How can PFNA effect my health
Laboratory animals exposed to high doses of PFNA have shown changes in liver, thyroid, and pancreatic function, as well as some changes in hormone levels. PFNA has also been shown to bioaccumulate and affect learning ability, reproduction, immune function, and risk of cancer in human studies.
Where can I get more information of PFNA?
- US EPA. Basic Information on PFAS. Last updated on August 20, 2018:
https://www.epa.gov/pfas/basic-information-pfas - ITRC. Environmental Fate and Transport for PFAS:
https://pfas-1.itrcweb.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/pfas_fact_sheet_fate_and_transport__3_16_18.pdf - CDC. The Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, 2009:
https://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/fourthreport.pdf - ATSDR. PFAS and your health:
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/pfas/health-effects.html
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
What is PFOS?
PFOS is one of many PFAS (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) man-made chemicals used in industry and consumer products worldwide since the 1950s, e.g. as an industrial surfactant, and in non-stick cookware, water-repellent clothing, stain resistant fabrics and carpets, firefighting foams, and products that resist grease, water, and oil.
What happens when PFOS enters the environment?
PFOA persists forever in the environment, and in 2004 was detected in the blood of 98% of the general US population at an average of twenty parts per billion (ppb). Some pathways for PFOS to enter the environment are known (e.g. firefighting foam) but much about the transport of PFOS is unknown.
How can PFOS affect my health?
Laboratory animals exposed to high doses of PFOS have shown changes in liver, thyroid, and pancreatic function, and changes in hormone levels. PFOS in humans is believed to affect learning, reproduction, immune function, and risk of cancer.
Where can I get more information on PFOS?
- US EPA. Basic Information on PFAS. Last updated on August 20, 2018.
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Prometon is a nonselective herbicide that interferes with photosynthesis and is targeted for broad-leaf plants.
What happens when Prometon enters the environment?
Prometon is persistent and highly mobile in both soil and aquatic environments.
How can Prometon affect my health?
Prometon is not likely to be cancer-causing to humans. There are no known acute toxicity concerns for humans.
Where can I get more information on Prometon?
- Kegley, S.E., Hill, B.R., Orme S., Choi A.H. 2016. Pesticide Database – Chemicals – Prometon, Pesticide Action Network, North America.
www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC35130
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Simazine is a pesticide used for the control of broadleaf and grassy weeds (herbicide). It is applied to bare soils to prevent the weed seeds from sprouting.
What happens when Simazine enters the environment?
Prometon is persistent and highly mobile in both soil and aquatic environments.
How can Simazine affect my health?
Prometon is not likely to be cancer-causing to humans. There are no known acute toxicity concerns for humans.
Where can I get more information on Prometon?
- Kegley, S.E., Hill, B.R., Orme S., Choi A.H. 2016. Pesticide Database – Chemicals – Simazine, Pesticide Action Network, North America.
www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC34340
Important note: The use of SRB for assessment of contamination is very unique to this project. Though preliminary research suggests that SRB may be a strong indicator of fecal contamination, this has not been tested in harvested rainwater or in the American Southwest. In the third year of the project, we will compare the number of E. coli and Total Coliforms (for which there are standards) to the number of SRB (for which there are no standards) in each sample. We hope to discover that homeowners will be able to use a kit that identifies a non-pathogenic organism (SRB) to assess the quality of their harvested rainwater. This would be very exciting, given that at-home kits for microbial water quality assessment do not exist.
Results shown below the Method Limit of Detection (MLOD) were measured at a time when the instrument's ability to detect was better, which provided a lower MLOD than shown here.
Materials
